Gas burner



w. M. BRITTEN.

GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5. 1920.

Patented Feb. '14, 1922.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- GAS BURNER.

APPucAnou man MAY 8. 1920.

Patentsdi Feb. 14, 1922.

2 EHEETS-SHEET 2.

1&965925.

, invert/Z07" wavoey- UNITED T TES] PATENT; OFFICE.

ILLIAM M. BR-ITTEN. on Los memes CALIFORNIA; AssIsNon oF ofNE iEm ,To

CLYDE Harassing m, 01 os ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

ens BURNER.

T 0 all whom it-may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM M. Biirrrnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in'the county or" Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Gas BL1l1181,'0f which the following is a specification.

My invention. relates to gas burnersvvhich are commonly used in all sorts of gas heatingappli'ances.

-The-principal object of my invention i to provide a burner in which theeiliciency of combustion and the temperatures produced are extremely high.

A further object of'my invention is to provide a burner in which the'efliciency will not vary appreciably with widely varying gas pressures. It is comparatively simple to make a burner which will function properly for any given pressure, but it is an extremely difficult matter tomake a high efficiency burner which can be used without adjustment on almost any commercial pressure and Which wiliytherefore, be applicableto systems in which the pressure varies widely. It-may be said that in many cities it is impractical touse many sorts of gas heating appliances due to the fact that the sup ply is variable and that during certain'per-iods Orthe day, the pressure falls to very low values. i My invention comprises the novel' combination and arrangement of parts set forth in the following specification and shown on the annexed drawings.

-Refe'rring to these drawings which are for illustrative purposes only,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in section showing one embodiment of my invention.

' Fig. 2 is a section on a plane represented by the line 2-2 Fig. 1. a

Fig.2 is asection on a plane represented by the line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

-Fig.'4l is an enlarged view showingxthe arrangcnientof the'tip, throat and slot. I

Fig. 5 is a section on a plane represented by theline 55 of'Fig. 1. i

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the burner, portions being broken away to better illustrate the structure.

- In the embodiment ofmy invention shown aiflgas manifold"l1i-is"provided,- this 'manifold being supplied with gas thro'ugh aga-s inlet pipe '12. "Secured in the top of the gas Specification of Letters Patent. Pajt'ented F g b 4 14, -App1ication filed Ma /8,1920. Serial Ito/380,004. V I

manifold. is a plurality-of tips 13, these tips being arranged in two series, each 'ofthese tlps being inclined-at anangle of thirty degrees with-the line 99 of Fig. I. The tips in the series at the right of this lineas viewed lnFig. 1, are oppositely inclined to the tips shown at the'left-of this line. Secured on lugs 15 at'either side of the g'asmanifold 11- are aprons 16 these'aprons being spaced away -from-the "gas-"manifold and leaving primaryairinlet passag'esl? between the gas manifold-and the apron- Secured to theapron '16and held-thereby above the tips 13 are flanges 20 whichare joined to ribs21.

The members 16, '20 and 21 are *Inade in four-quarters which are joined alongthe central line 8-8 of the burnerand along a second {central line 9- -9. members 20 and-21 are a series of-throats 30, each of thesethroatsbeing"located on the center line of one of the jets 13. Each of the throats terminate in a slightly enlarged spreaderichamber' 31 which is in openxcome muni'cation with one of the slots. 32. The slots are'each centrally located in one of the ribs 21 and form passages through which the combustible mixture emerges, the mixture being ignited and burning with'a flame whose visible limits are shownby the lines 36 and 37 of Fig. 2. i f

It will be noted that open spaces are shown between the ribs 21 these "spaces! Formed in "the forming-secondary air flues 40. In practice the burner projects into .a combustion'space having a bottom 50,- the burner projects through a hole in this bottom and the'bottom is turned up as shown in5l to provide a secondary air inlet passage '52. The secondary air inlet passages 52 communicate withthe bottom of the secondary airflues 410 and provide a ready means for supplying large quantities of secondary air directly to the flame produced bythe burner. Itwill be noted thateach of the flames is rather more than semi-circular and they are necessarily vary-'fiat. 1

It is'a well known factthatthe eflicie'n'cy of combustion in anygas burner can be varied between wide limits by changing the thoroughness: of the mixture of the I gas and am It is a wcllknown-tfactfthat where? this mixture is very thorough, thatqa' ver high eifici'enc of combustienis possible an" much the gaseswill not rebound from the surface,

but will rollalong same so that the scrubbing action of the surface will intimately mix the gases and produce a very perfect,

and intimate mixture'of same. 7 I have further found that where the velocity is high that it is possible to cause such gases to impinge 011 such a surface and to pass over {same and to burn at a point beyond the surface. If, however, the velocity isallowed to-fall, the flame creeps back andfinally burns on the surface which becomes highly heated so that there is great liability of flash-backs into the passages leading to this surfaceythus possibly destroying the burner. For the purpose of preventing this, I havediscovered that a second surface placed approximately parallel to the first surface and reasonablyclose thereto will prevent the gas from burning on this surface if the metal members are kept cool. It is essential, however, that the proportions of the parts be such that no material pressure is built up therein. by the passage of the gas therethrough.

It is about the broad conception of mixing gases by their scrubbing action on a surface that my invention is constructed, one wall of each of the slots 32 forming the scrubbing surface and the other wall of the slot forming the cooling surface for preventing flash-backs into the burner.

- :My invention also comprises the conception of cooling both surfaces which I ac- 'compli'sh by the direction of the secondary air 'as-de scribed above. This absolutely prevents the mixture from burning between the surfaces or flashing'back therethrough;

It will benotedthatthere are three mixing points for air and gas namely, inthe throat '30, on the plate 32, and as the gases emerge? from the slot 32. The proportions of the 'arious parts are so arranged that there is always a partial'v'acuum in the chamber 31, the potential energy of the gas under pressure in'the manifold 11 changing to kineticenergy in the throat 30 and appearing as a elocity. This'velocity is sulficient'to draw in primary air, mix this air with the gas, and project the mixture out of the slot without building up an apvpreciable pressure in any part. It is also'to be notedthat although the slots are quite thin that due to their circumferential disposition about the chambers 31, they constantly increase inv sectional-area along the line of motion-of the gas. v i

The higher the pressure in the manifold 11, the greater the potential energy of the gas and the higher the velocity in the throats 30 and on the mixing platei The higher this velocity the greater thevacuum in the chamber 31 and-the more primary air that 1s ,drawn into the throat 30. The higher the velocity in the flame and the hotter the flame, the more secondary air that is "drawn up through the spaces 40. It will thus be seen that the burner is self regulating maintaining a substantially uniform mixture under widely varying gas pressures.

What I claim is: j r

1. A gas burner comprising a gasman-i fold, a series of tips set in the top of said manifold and having jet openings communif eating with the interior of said manifold, aprons secured on said gas manifold but spaced apart therefrom to form primary air;

'manifold and having jet openings communicating with the interior of said manifold, aprons secured on said gas manifold but spaced apart therefrom to form primary air inlet passages, flanges formed on said aprons, said flanges having throats formed therein, each of said throats being so placed that gas from, one of said jets is projected into said throat where it joins primary air drawn inwardly through said passages, and a series of cooling ribs at right angles tosaid flanges, each of said ribs having a cen-' tral slot therein, said slots each communi eating with one of'said throats which enters same at an angle, the space between said ribs being cutaway to form secondary air flues through which air rises to assist combustion and cool said ribs. i

A gas burner comprising a gas manifold, a series of'tips' set in the top of said manifold and having jet openings communicating with the interior of said manifold, aprons secured n said gas manifold, but spaced apart therefrom to form primary air inlet passages, flanges formed on: said aprons, said flanges having throats formed therein, each of said throats'being so placed that gas from one ofxsaid jets is projected into said throat Where it joins primary airdrawn inwardly through said passages, and a series of ribs at right angles tols aidflanges, each of said ribs having a central slot therein, said slots each communicating at an anaprons secured on said gas manifold but.

spaced apart therefrom to form primary air inlet passages, flanges formed on said aprons, said flanges having throats formed therein, each of said throats being so placed that gas from one of said jets is projected into said throat where it joins primary air drawn upwardly through said passages,

and a series of cooling ribs at right angles to said flanges, each of said ribs having a central slot therein, sald slots each communicating at an angle of substantially thirty degrees with one of said throats which enters same at an angle, the space between said ribs being cut away to form secondary air flues through which air rises to assist combustion and cool said ribs.

5. A gas burner comprising a gas manifold, a series of tips set in the top of said manifold and having jet openings communicating with the interior of said manifold, aprons secured on said gas manifold but spaced apart therefrom to form primary air inlet passages, flanges formed on said aprons, said flanges having throats formed therein, each of said throats being so placed that gas from one of said jets is projected into said throat where it joins primary air drawn inwardly through said passages, and a series of ribs at right angles to 7 said flanges, each of said ribs having a central slot therein, said slots each communicating with a spreader chamber formed in one of said flanges, each of said throats discharging into one of said spreader chambers.

G. A gas burner comprising a gas manifold, a series of tips set in the top of Said manifold and having jet openings communicating with the interior of said manifold, aprons secured on said gas manifold but spaced apart therefrom to form primary air inlet passages, flanges formed on said apron, said flanges having throats formed therein, each of said throats being so placed that gas-from one of said jets is projected into said throat where itjoins primary air drawn upwardly through said passages, and a series of cooling ribs at right angles to said flanges, each of said ribs having a degrees with a spreader chamber formed in one'of said flanges, each of said throats discharging into one of said spreader chambers, the space between said ribs being cut away to form secondary air flues through which air rises to assist combustion and cool said ribs.

7. In a gas burner, the combination of: walls forming a throat of substantially uniform area; walls forming a slot of substantially uniform thickness, said throat being connected into one side of said slot at an angle to the sides thereof; and means for injecting a jet of gas under pressure into said throat.

8. In a gas burner, the combination of: walls forming a throat of substantially uniform area; walls forming a slot of substantially uniform thickness, said throat being connected into one side of said slot at an angle to the sides thereof; and means for injecting a jet of gas under pressure into said throat, said throat being open at its end opposite said slot to receive said yet and to receive air.

9. In a gas burner, the combination of: walls forming a throat; walls forming a slot of substantially uniform thickness, said throat being connected into one side of said slot at an angle to the sides thereof; and means for injecting a jet of gas under pres sure into said throat; saidl throat being open at its end opposite said slot to receive said jet and to receive air.

10. In a gas burner, the combination of: a flat rib having a slot therein parallel to its long sides; walls forming a throat opening obliquely into said slot; and means for injecting a jet of gas into said throat so that it impinges obliquely on one wall of said slot.

11. In a gas burner, the combination of: a flat rib having a slot therein parallel to its long sides; walls forming a throat opening obliquely into said slot; and means for injecting a jet of gas into said throat so that it impinges obliquely on one wall of said slot in such a manner as to thoroughly mix said gas with air in said throat.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 30th day of March 1920.

' WILLIAMIVI. BRITTEN. 

